San Marino: Flag and Facts
San Marino's flag has a white band over a light blue band, with the national arms at the center: three white towers on mountain peaks above a scroll reading LIBERTAS.
- Official name
- Most Serene Republic of San Marino
- Capital
- City of San Marino
- Region
- Southern Europe
- Population
- 35,291 (2025)
- Languages
- Italian
- Currency
- Euro
- Area
- 61 km² (24 sq mi)
- People
- Sammarinese
- Calling code
- +378
- Highest point
- Monte Titano 739 m
- Independence
- 3 September 301 (traditional founding date)
- National symbols
- three peaks, each displaying a tower
- Borders
- Italy
About San Marino
Both colors come straight from that shield, where the towers stand on a blue field. Those towers are real castles, Guaita, Cesta, and Montale, all perched on Mount Titano. A wreath and a crown surround the shield, and LIBERTAS means Liberty. By most accounts, the white means peace and the blue liberty.
Tradition says a Christian stonemason named Marinus founded the state in A.D. 301, and San Marino claims to be the oldest republic on earth. Only the Holy See and Monaco are smaller among European states, and San Marino covers only 61 square kilometers of rugged mountain land. Italy surrounds it completely. The country lines up its foreign policy with the EU without belonging to it, and social trends tend to follow Italy closely. Its residents live long lives, with a life expectancy of 84.2 years.
Did you know?
- Monte Titano, San Marino's highest point, stands 739 meters tall.
- Founding Day, also called the Feast of Saint Marinus, falls on 3 September.
- Three San Marinos would roughly fill Washington, D.C.
Want to test yourself? The random flag generator has a quiz mode, and the full flags of the world page shows every flag at once.
Questions about San Marino
What language is spoken in San Marino?
Italian.
What currency does San Marino use?
The euro.
Sources
- CIA World Factbook, checked October 8, 2026
- REST Countries data (mledoze/countries), checked October 8, 2026
- Flag artwork: flag-icons (MIT), checked October 8, 2026
Facts are compiled from these open sources and rewritten in our own words. Spotted something out of date? Tell us.